​The User Datagram Protocol, or UDP, is another widely used transport protocol. It’s faster than TCP, but it is also less reliable. UDP does not make sure all packets are delivered and in order, and it doesn’t establish a connection before beginning or receiving transmissions.
UDP/IP is usually utilized for streaming audio or video, as these are use cases where the risk of dropped packets (meaning, missing data) is outweighed by the need to keep the transmission real-time. For instance, when users are watching a video online, not every pixel has to be present for every frame of the video. Users would rather have the video play at normal speed than sit and wait for every bit of data to be delivered.

​UDP

How does UDP work?
Like all networking protocols, UDP is a standardized method for transferring data between two computers in a network. Compared to other protocols, UDP accomplishes this process in a simple fashion: it sends packets (units of data transmission) directly to a target computer, without establishing a connection first, indicating the order of said packets, or checking whether they arrived as intended. (UDP packets are referred to as ‘datagrams’.)

​UDP/IP

UDP is faster but less reliable than TCP, another common transport protocol. In a TCP communication, the two computers begin by establishing a connection via an automated process called a ‘handshake.’ Only once this handshake has been completed will one computer actually transfer data packets to the other.

​UDP

UDP communications do not go through this process. Instead, one computer can simply begin sending data to the other

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#IP

​The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is a transport protocol, meaning it dictates the way data is sent and received. A TCP header is included in the data portion of each packet that uses TCP/IP. Before transmitting data, TCP opens a connection with the recipient. TCP ensures that all packets arrive in order once transmission begins. Via TCP, the recipient will acknowledge receiving each packet that arrives. Missing packets will be sent again if the receipt is not acknowledged.

​TCP

TCP is designed for reliability, not speed. Because TCP has to make sure all packets arrive in order, loading data via TCP/IP can take longer if some packets are missing.
TCP and IP were originally designed to be used together, and these are often referred to as the TCP/IP suite. However, other transport protocols can be used with IP.

​TCP

TCP includes mechanisms to solve many of the problems that arise from packet-based messaging, such as lost packets, out-of-order packets, duplicate packets, and corrupted packets. Since TCP is the protocol used most commonly on top of IP, the Internet protocol stack is sometimes referred to as TCP/IP.

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